We have always emphasized the virtues of long-term investing here at Royce. Of course, some terms last longer than others, and people are bound to have differing notions as to what exactly constitutes the long term. Yet, in a world often captivated by quarterly or other short-term performance periods, long term for many may be measured in months, not years, and certainly not 50 years and counting. And while other mutual funds have been in existence since late 1972—the year Chuck Royce assumed sole management of Royce Pennsylvania Mutual Fund (PENNX)—very few are helmed by the same manager or continue to employ the same investment tenets. For the past several years, Chuck has led a team that consists of Portfolio Managers Jay Kaplan, Lauren Romeo, Steven McBoyle, Miles Lewis, and Andrew Palen, with the assistance of Portfolio Manager Jim Stoeffel.

We take what we hope is an understandable pride in a portfolio with a long-term track record that few mutual funds can match, in terms of performance or longevity. This record includes an impressive showing in 2023, when Penn gained 26.7%, easily outperforming its small-cap benchmark, the Russell 2000 Index, which climbed 16.9% for the same period. Penn even narrowly beat the large-cap Russell 1000 Index, which was up 26.5% in 2023. The Fund also beat the Russell 2000 for the 3-, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, 25-, 30, 35-, and 40-year periods ended 12/31/23. In addition, the Fund’s average annualized total return for the 50-year period ended 12/31/23 was 13.2%.

Royce Pennsylvania Mutual Fund Average Annual Total Returns (%)
As of 12/31/23

Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

The importance of Penn’s long-term record, however, is about more than its performance history, impressive as it is. There is a story that lies behind the numbers. Penn’s long-term results reflect what we believe are two critical competitive advantages—our experience and our consistent multi-discipline investment approach. In most asset management organizations, small-cap investing occupies a small place on a much larger menu of offerings. However, at Royce small-cap investing is our primary business—and had been for more than 50 years. This focus has allowed us to build a formidable knowledge base about thousands of companies and study historical small-cap performance patterns through a variety of market and economic conditions. Small-cap companies can be quirky from a research and trading standpoint. To be sure, many receive little or no analyst coverage, so the fact that small companies are the center of our investment universe gives us an advantage. Our wealth of experience has seen us through almost every conceivable kind of market. These decades of experience have proven especially valuable in trying times.

There is another key distinction, one that we believe has contributed substantially to the long-term success of both the Fund and the firm. Small-caps have earned a reputation for higher volatility. So, while many small-cap portfolio managers focus on the return side of the equation, we devote equal attention to risk. Managing risk is crucial because failing to do so can erode, or even destroy, returns. Therefore, we think that doing better during downturns is of equal importance to success in upswings. And our approach focuses on risk at multiple levels—corporate, price, market, etc.— in an attempt to provide more consistent long-term results.

Another key element is our willingness to stick to our approaches, regardless of market movements and trends. Most asset management companies employ specific and consistent investment approaches. However, we are often surprised by those that do not and dismayed at those who adopt an approach, only to discard it for something else when the market goes against them. By contrast, we look for what we think are fundamentally strong companies trading at discounts to our estimate of their worth as a business.

These core principles have guided us through many markets, whether bearish or bullish. We believe that our more than five decades of fidelity to disciplined approaches have been among the most significant reasons that Penn boasts such attractive long-term results.

Today, Penn uses multiple investment disciplines in an effort to provide exposure to the approaches that have worked well in different market environments. Our disciplines include High Quality, where we look for companies with high returns on invested capital that we believe also possess significant competitive advantages; Emerging Quality, which are companies that are newer in their lifecycle that we think can make the jump to High Quality in the future; Traditional Value, wherein we look for companies trading at prices below our estimate of their current worth; and Quality Value, which seeks companies with attractive profit margins, strong free cash flows, and lower leverage that also trade at valuations we find attractive. Penn’s portfolio managers generally focus on one of these approaches, while Chuck collaborates with them across all segments.

The chart below shows the growth of $10,000 invested in Royce Pennsylvania Mutual Fund for the 50-year period ended 12/31/23. We believe that the Fund’s performance over this period is impressive mostly as a demonstration of the critical elements we describe above, that is, the dual importance of experience and process.

Royce Pennsylvania Mutual Fund Growth of $10,000
50 Years Through 12/31/23

Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

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